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SPERMICIDES

Spermicides are chemicals that reduce the risk of pregnancy by killing the sperm before they can reach the egg. Over the years, a variety of chemicals have been used. Currently, there are two major spermicides: nonoxynol-9 and octoxynol-3.

Spermicidal compounds are inserted into the vagina before each episode of intercourse. Spermicides are provided in a number of different compounds such as creams, jellies, foams, films, suppositories, and tablets. Spermicides should be applied high into the vagina against the cervix about 15 minutes to 60 minutes before intercourse. In general, spermicides only last for about 1 hour.

Spermicides have a high failure rate unless used with another form of contraception such as the condom or diaphragm. Spermicides are inexpensive and can be obtained at a variety of places. Spermicides do not require a prescription.

Thomas G. Stovall, M.D.

Dr. Stovall is a Clinical Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis, Tennessee and Partner of Women's Health Specialists, Inc.

Date Published: 2004-03-04

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